ZK Component Reference/Containers/Window

Window

• Demonstration: Window
• Java API: Window
• JavaScript API: Window
• Style Guide: Window

Employement/Purpose

A window is, like HTML DIV tag, used to group components. Unlike other components, a window has the following characteristics.

• A window is an owner of an ID space. Any component contained in a window, including itself, could be found by use of the getFellow method, if it is assigned with an identifier.
• A window could be overlapped, popup, and embedded.
• A window could be a modal dialog.

Example

<hbox>
    <window title="Embedded Style" border="normal" width="200px"> Hello,
        Embedded! </window>
    <window title="Overlapped Style" zclass="z-window-overlapped" border="normal"
        width="200px"> Hello, Overlapped! </window>
    <window title="Popup Style" zclass="z-window-popup" border="normal"
        width="200px"> Hello, Popup! </window>

    <window title="Modal Style" zclass="z-window-modal" border="normal"
        width="200px"> Hello, Modal! </window>
    <window title="Highlight Style" zclass="z-window-highlighted" border="normal"
        width="200px"> Hello, Highlighted! </window>
</hbox>

Window Modes

A window could be in one of five different modes: overlapped, popup, modal, highlighted and embedded. By default, it is in the embedded mode. You could change the mode by use of Window.setMode(String).

<window title="Hi, I'm Overlapped" border="normal" mode="overlapped">
...
</window>

Alternatively, you could invoke one of Window.doOverlapped(), Window.doPopup(), Window.doModal(), Window.doHighlighted(), and Window.doEmbedded(), as shown below.

<zk>
    <window id="win" title="Hi!" border="normal" width="200px">    
        <caption>        
            <toolbarbutton label="Help"/>
        </caption>        
        <checkbox label="Hello, Wolrd!"/>        
    </window>    
        
    <button label="Overlap" onClick="win.doOverlapped();"/>    
    <button label="Popup" onClick="win.doPopup();"/>    
    <button label="Modal" onClick="win.doModal();"/>    
    <button label="Embed" onClick="win.doEmbedded();"/>    
    <button label="Highlighted" onClick="win.doHighlighted();"/>    
</zk>

Embedded

An embedded window is placed inline with other components. In this mode, you cannot change its position, since the position is decided by the browser. It is the default mode since it is the most common appearance.

Overlapped

An overlapped window is overlapped with other components, such that users could drag it around and developer could set its position by Window.setLeft(String) and Window.setTop(String).

<window title="My Overlapped" width="300px" mode="overlapped">
</window>

Popup

A popup window is similar to overlapped windows, except it is automatically closed when user clicks on any component other than the popup window itself or any of its descendants. Of course, you could dismiss it manually by making it invisible or detaching it.

As its name suggested, it is designed to implement the popup windows. A typical application is to display information that won't obscure the current operation and are easy to close. A popup window is usually position around the focal point (such as a button). It can be done by use of Window.setPosition(String) with parent.

For example, we could display a popup window right after a button as depicted below.

<zk>
    <toolbarbutton label="More info" onClick="info.doPopup()"/><span>
    <window id="info" visible="false" width="120px" border="normal" position="parent">
    Here is more information
    </window>
    </span>
</zk>

where we specify position="parent", and make it as a child of Span. The span component acts as an anchor point and the window is posited based on it.

In additions to popup windows, you could use Popup for displaying a popup. The popup component has more control how to position it (by use of Popup.open(Component, String)).

Modal and Highlighted

By default, a modal window is the same as a highlighted window. Unless you configure ZK differently (see the next section), you could consider them as exactly same.

A modal window provides the so-called modal effect that limits a user from accessing components other than the modal window. Users cannot access anything outside of the modal window, including clicking or tabbing.

For instance, you could access only the textbox and button in the following example:

To dismiss a modal window, you could make it invisible (Window.setVisible(boolean)), or detach it from a page.

By default, a modal window is positioned at the center of the browser window. You could change the position by Window.setPosition(String).

You could have multiple modal windows at the same time, and the user could only access the last modal window. Once the last modal is dismissed (invisible or detached), the previous modal window will become the active modal window until it is dismissed.

Modal Windows and Event Listeners

Unlike other modes, you can only put a window into the modal mode in an event listener. In other words, you can invoke doModal() or setMode("modal") in an event listener.

<zk>
    <window id="wnd" title="My Modal" visible="false" width="300px">    
        <button label="close" onClick="wnd.visible = false"/>        
    </window>    
    <button label="do it" onClick="wnd.doModal()"/>    
</zk>

On the other hand, the following is wrong if it executes in the Component Creation Phase

//t1.zul
<window title="My Modal" width="300px" closable="true">
    <zscript>    
        self.doModal();        
    </zscript>    
</window>

It will cause the following result if you browse it directly.

If you need to create a modal window in page loading, you can post the onModal event as follows.

//t2.zul
<window title="My Modal" width="300px" closable="true">
    <zscript>    
    Events.postEvent("onModal", self, null);    
    </zscript>    
</window>

Or use this instead.

//t3.zul
<window title="My Modal" width="300px" closable="true" mode="modal">
</window>

Note: the following codes execute correctly even if t1.zul sets the window's mode to modal directly (as shown above). Why? It executes in an event listener (for onClick).

<button label="do it">
    <attribute name="onClick">    
    Executions.createComponents("t1.zul", null, null);    
        //it loads t1.zul in this event listener for onClick        
    </attribute>    
</button>

Supported Events

Name	Event Type
onMove	Event: Event Denotes the position of the window is moved by a user.
onOpen	Event: OpenEvent Denotes user has opened or closed a component. Note: Unlike onClose, this event is only a notification. The client sends this event after opening or closing the component. It is useful to implement load-on-demand by listening to the onOpen event, and creating components when the first time the component is opened.
onClose	Event: Event Denotes the close button is pressed by a user, and the component shall detach itself.
onMaximize	Event: MaximizeEvent Denotes user has maximize a component.
onMinimize	Event: MinimizeEvent Denotes user has minimize a component.
onSize	Event: SizeEvent Denotes the panel's size is updated by a user.
onZIndex	Event: ZIndexEvent Denotes the panel's zindex is updated by a user.

• Inherited Supported Events: XulElement

Supported Children

*ALL

Use Cases

Version	Description	Example Location
5.0+	How to create a modal Window and communicate with it	http://www.zkoss.org/forum/listComment/9785
3.6+	Best practises on creating a pop-up window to display PDF reports	http://www.zkoss.org/forum/listComment/9305

Version History

Version	Date	Content