Small Talks/2013/July/ZK Testing with Selenium IDE

Author
Robert Wenzel, Engineer, Potix Corporation

Date
July 2013

Version
ZK 6.5 (or later)

This page is under construction, so we cannot guarantee the accuracy of the content!

Introduction

About this article

nice application, how to test ... refer to zats... some things need to be tested in a real browser, so selenium comes into play... how to create tests

programmatically... link to older Small Talk?? or use Selenium-IDE to record/tweak/maintain!! and replay/debug -- this article :D

Environment

• Firefox (used with 21.0)
• Selenium IDE 2.0.0
• JDK 6/7
• ZK 6.5.3 6/7
• Maven 3.0

Steps

Initialize your testing environment

• download Selenium IDE 2.0.0 link
  • docu http://wiki.openqa.org/display/SIDE/Home
• Maven 3.0
  • download link
  • setup maven

• download link (test project)
• maven: mvn jetty:run
• localhost:8080

(- war file ) ???

Initial Situation

1. Launch Selenium IDE CTRL+ALT+S
2. open example app localhost:8080
3. Record login-test and replay it

New Test
open	/selenium_testing/login.zul
type	id=jXDW5	test
type	id=jXDW8	test
clickAndWait	id=jXDWb

looks hard to read / maintain and doesn't even work :'(

Looking at the recorded commands and comparing with page source we notice the IDs are generated and changing with every request. So no chance to record / replay this way.

A way to make the IDs predictable is shown in the next Section.

Custom Id Generator

As mentioned in other Small Talks about testing one strategy is to use a custom IdGenerator implementation to create predictable, readable (with a business meaning) and easily selectable (by selenium) component ids.

public class TestingIdGenerator implements IdGenerator {

	public String nextComponentUuid(Desktop desktop, Component comp,
			ComponentInfo compInfo) {
        int i = Integer.parseInt(desktop.getAttribute("Id_Num").toString());
        i++;// Start from 1
        
        StringBuilder uuid = new StringBuilder("");
        
        desktop.setAttribute("Id_Num", String.valueOf(i));
        if(compInfo != null) {
        	String id = getId(compInfo);
        	if(id != null) {
        		uuid.append(id).append("_");
        	}
        	String tag = compInfo.getTag();
        	if(tag != null) {
        		uuid.append(tag).append("_");
        	}
        }
        return uuid.length() == 0 ? "zkcomp_" + i : uuid.append(i).toString();
    }

The IDs will look like this:

• {id}_{tag}_{##} (for components with a given id)
• {tag}_{##} (for components without a given id - e.g. listitems in a listbox)
• {zkcomp}_{##} (for other cases, just to make them unique)

e.g. a button in zul-file

<button id="login" label="login" />

will become something like this in HTML in browser (number can vary):

<button id="login_button_12" class="z-button-os" type="button">login</button>

In order to separate production from test configuration we can include an additional config file at startup to enable the TestingIdGenerator only for testing. In ZK this is possible by setting the library property org.zkoss.zk.config.path (also refer to our Testing Tips)

e.g. via VM argument -Dorg.zkoss.zk.config.path=/WEB-INF/zk-test.xml

Windows:

set MAVEN_OPTS=-Dorg.zkoss.zk.config.path=/WEB-INF/zk-test.xml
mvn jetty:run

Linux:

export MAVEN_OPTS=-Dorg.zkoss.zk.config.path=/WEB-INF/zk-test.xml
mvn jetty:run

TODO: improve using maven profiles...

Now we get nicer and deterministic IDs when recording a test case.

After recording login-test again and we get this:

login test
open	/selenium_testing/login.zul
type	id=username_textbox_6	test
type	id=password_textbox_9	test
clickAndWait	id=login_button_12

Unfortunately this still fails to replay in a ZK Application :(

Why this happens and how to fix it? See next section ...

ZK specific details

ZK heavily uses JavaScript and Selenium does not record all events by default

in our case here the "blur" events of the input fields have not been recorded, but ZK relies on them to determine possible dirty fields. So we need to manually add selenium commands "fireEvent target blur" unfortunately Selenium does not offer a nice equivalent like "focus"

Replaying the script finally works :D, and we see the overview page.

Verify the page url, and some text on the page, to make sure the application redirects correctly after successful login.

Selenium Extensions

if you find the syntax of "fireEvent" ugly or think it is too inconvenient to add an additional line just to update an input field there is a possible solution: custom Selenium extensions

This snippet shows 2 simple actions

blur

convenience action to avoid "fireEvent locator blur"

typeAndBlur

combines the type with a blur event, to make ZK aware of the input change automatically

Selenium.prototype.doBlur = function(locator) {
    // All locator-strategies are automatically handled by "findElement"
    var element = this.page().findElement(locator);
    // Fire the "blur" event
    triggerEvent(element, "blur", false);
};

Selenium.prototype.doTypeAndBlur = function(locator, text) {
    // All locator-strategies are automatically handled by "findElement"
    var element = this.page().findElement(locator);

    // Replace the element text with the new text
    this.page().replaceText(element, text);
    // Fire the "blur" event
    triggerEvent(element, "blur", false);
};

user-extensions.js DOWNLOADable (file contains another extension ... more about that later in "making tests more robust and maintainable to UI updates")

add to Selenium IDE Options/Options... [General Tab] Selenium Core extensions

File:Nicer ids with implicit blur events.PNG

Let's record a test for edit and save an existing "feedback item" in the list, and verify the results.